近日，日本军事动作频频，连续与美国等国家举行陆海空联合演习，并以修改“防卫装备转移三原则”为借口，企图摆脱和平宪法束缚。
Japan has recently conducted several military activities by holding combined land, sea, and air drills with the US and other countries, aiming to break free from the pacifist constitution's restraints on the pretext of rewriting the "Three Principles of Transfer of Defense Equipment".
推动武器出口藏野心
Promoting arms exports with nefarious motives
据共同社报道，日本防卫省正在研究探讨修改“防卫装备转移三原则”及运用指南，意图通过放宽武器出口标准，加速推动日本防卫产业发展。
According to Kyodo News, Japan's Ministry of Defense is considering modifying the "Three Principles of Transfer of Defense Equipment" and relevant application rules in an effort to expedite the growth of Japan's defense industry by lowering export restrictions for weapons.
受战后国际法限制，日本政府于1967年4月提出“武器出口三原则”，全面禁止武器出口。2014年，安倍内阁对“武器出口三原则”进行修改，更名为“防卫装备转移三原则”，允许在一定条件下出口防卫装备。今年3月，日本公开宣布向乌克兰运送大批头盔和防弹背心。
Restricted by post-war international law, the Japanese government introduced the "Three Principles of Arms Export" in April 1967, which prohibited Japan from exporting weapons. The Abe Cabinet updated and renamed the "Three Principles of Arms Exports" as the "Three Principles of Transfer of Defense Equipment" in 2014, permitting the export of defense weapons under specific conditions. Japan announced a shipment of helmets and protective vests to Ukraine in March 2022.
此次日本酝酿继续修改防卫政策，在突破了“向战争方提供武器”的底线后，很可能将对“限于在确保妥善管理情况下才可转移给第三方”的原则进行调整。
This time around, Japan intends to keep revising its defense policy. After breaking the bottom line of "offering weapons to warring parties", it is inclined to further change the principle of "transferring to a third party only after assuring effective management".
分析人士称，日本计划以修改“防卫装备转移三原则”为幌子，抛弃“专属防卫”和“第三方技术转让”等限制条件，向与其签订《防卫装备品及技术转移协定》的12个国家出口导弹、战斗机等装备。日本统合幕僚长近期也表达了与北约开展武器项目联合研制的意向，意图通过扩大技术合作和军工出口，与北约国家开展防务合作，重建完整的军事工业体系。
Analysts assert that under the guise of amending the "Three Principles of Transfer of Defense Equipment", Japan intends to get rid of restrictions such as "exclusive defense" and "third-party technology transfer" so as to export missiles, fighter jets, and additional equipment to the 12 nations that have signed the Agreement on Transfer of Defense Equipment and Technology with it. Japan's unified chief of staff has stated that the country intends to cooperate with NATO on weapons development projects and other matters pertaining to defense, in order to establish a comprehensive military-industrial system by boosting technological cooperation and military exports.
步步蚕食逼近“正常化”
Approaching "normalization" with gradual nibbling
随着日本国内右翼势力逐渐膨胀，日本近年来先后通过解禁集体自卫权、持续提高防卫开支、增加海外派兵、开展“二手装备”防务外交等形式，不断突破和平宪法精神，企图彻底摆脱战后国际秩序体系。
With the gradual rise of right-wing forces in recent years, Japan has continued to defy the spirit of the pacifist constitution by lifting the ban on collective self-defense rights, increasing defense spending, stepping up overseas deployments, and engaging in "second-hand equipment" defense diplomacy, to slip the leash of the post-war international order system entirely.
一方面，日本增加与美军演训规模和频次，突出“盟友”身份，同时积极推动美日韩军事协作、美日印澳四边框架机制等，意图借此推动防务“正常化”。另一方面，日本逐步调整防卫政策，扩大合作范围，意图更广泛地参与国际和热点地区事务，改变“战败国”身份标签。
On the one hand, to highlight its "ally" status, Japan has increased the scale and frequency of military drills and training with the United States. Japan has also actively supported US-Japan-ROK military cooperation and the QUAD mechanism in an effort to promote "normalization" of defense. On the other hand, Japan has steadily altered its military policy, broadened the scope of cooperation, and planned to participate in international and hotspot issues to a greater extent, so as to shed its identity as a "defeated country.”
总体来看，在美国将“大国竞争”和“印太战略”作为优先选项的背景下，日本变更“防卫装备转移三原则”内容，很可能是为追随美军开展相关防务合作解除法律羁绊。当前，日本已成为美国在印太地区的重要追随者，其在亦步亦趋推行军事政策过程中，势必给地区安全稳定带来威胁与挑战。
In general, in light of the fact that the US has prioritized "major power competition" and the "Indo-Pacific Strategy," Japan's revision of the "Three Principles of Transfer of Defense Equipment" is likely to loosen the legal constraints that prevent it from cooperating with the US military in defense-related matters. Currently, Japan has become a lackey of the US in the Indo-Pacific area. It will unavoidably pose hazards and challenges to regional security and stability as it pursues its military agenda step by step.
