越战又被称为“起居室战争”，因为人们在起居室里通过影像和照片就能看到战场上的血腥画面，感受到战争的残酷。说到越战中最有名的照片，毫无疑问是以越南女性潘金福为主角的那张照片，有人认为它改变了战争的进程，而潘金福本人从那以后也被称为“照片中的女孩”。

The Vietnam War is also known as the Living Room War, for people can witness the bloody battlefield through videos and photos in their living rooms, and feel the intensity, chaos, and cruelty of the war in person. When it comes to the most famous photo of the Vietnam War, it's no doubt for people to think of the one featuring Phan Thi Kim Phuc, a Vietnamese girl informally referred to as the Napalm girl in the photo ever since, which is believed to have changed the course of the war.

“撒旦的唾液”

"Satan's Saliva"

1972年，住在越南展鹏县的潘金福还是一名9岁的小女孩。6月8日这天发生的事情，彻底改变了她的一生。为躲避美军和南越部队的攻击，潘金福和许多村民一起躲到了村子附近的一座庙里。随后多枚凝固汽油弹被投向庙宇，多名平民被炸死、烧死。潘金福和其他一些村民被烧伤。

In 1972, Phan Thi Kim Phuc, who lived in Trang Bom County, Vietnam, was a 9-year-old girl. What happened on June 8 changed her life forever. In order to escape the attack by the US military and South Vietnamese troops, Kim Phuc together with many villagers took shelter in a temple near the village, where many civilians were subsequently killed by the explosion or burning of multiple napalm bombs thrown. Kim Phuc and some other villagers were burned.

根据潘金福自述，她发现自己的左臂和后背着火了，于是拼命拍打，不想火苗却越拍越大。她一边惊叫着奔跑，一边撕扯掉自己着火的衣服，少皮肤随着衣服一起被扯了下来。

According to Kim Phuc, when finding she found that her left arm and back were on fire, she beat slapped them desperately, in an attempt to wipe out the flames. However, it only spread the fire. While running and screaming, she tore off her burning clothes withand part of her skin.

这正是凝固汽油弹的残忍之处。凝固汽油弹英文名为“Napalm”，其字面意思指炸弹中的黏稠剂成分，它可以粘在物体上长时间地燃烧，造成持续且难以治愈的伤害。因为这种武器的不人道，凝固汽油弹也被称为“撒旦的唾液”。

That’s the evilness of napalms. The word "Napalm" literally refers to the viscous ingredient in the bomb, which can stick to objects and burn for a long time, causing lasting and incurable damage or injury. It’s thereby also known as "Satan's Saliva" given its inhumanity.

赤身裸体的小金福一边跑，一边惊叫“太烫了！太烫了！”这一场景恰巧被一位摄影记者拍下，成就了有史以来最著名的反战照片之一。

Naked Kim Phuc kept running and screaming all the way. The scene happened to be snapped by a photojournalist and went public to become one of the most famous anti-war pictures in history.

这张照片很快登上了全球各大媒体的头条，引起了各国民众对美国发动的这场战争的愤怒，在美国内部也激起前所未有的反战浪潮。照片的官方名称为“战争的恐怖”，但人们更习惯用另一个名字称呼它“凝固汽油弹女孩”。

The picture soon hit the headlines of major media around the world, arousing indignation from people of various countries over the war launched by the US, and also triggering an unprecedented wave of anti-war momentum within the US. People are more accustomed to referring to the picture as "Napalm Girl", instead of its official name "The Terror of War".

17次手术

17 surgeries

拍摄这张照片的摄影师在拍摄完照片后立即对潘金福等受伤孩子采取急救措施，并将他们送往附近的医院救治。全身1/3烧伤的潘金福在医院接受了14个月的治疗，进行了包括植皮在内的17次手术，她终于活了下来。

Right after taking the picture, the photojournalist applied first aid measures to Kim Phuc and other injured children and sent them to a nearby hospital for further treatment. Little Kim Phuc, who suffered 1/3 burns of her entire body, was treated in the hospital for 14 months and underwent 17 surgeries including skin grafting. Luckily, she survived.

烧伤在潘金福的身上留下大面积疤痕，她说自己多年来承受了常人难以想象的身心痛苦。小时候，她常受到小朋友的歧视和排挤，从小到大没法穿喜爱的裙子，只能穿长衣长裤。一直到几十年后，她依然觉得自己的皮肤像水牛皮一样，没有汗毛、无法排汗，从触感上也仿佛不属于自己……

The burns left a large area of scars on Kim Phuc's body, which has made her suffer both physically and mentally for many years. When she was a child, she had to face discrimination and repulsion from other children; and as much as she loves wearing dress, long sleeves and pants were her only choice. Decades later, she still felt that her skin was like buffalo skin, with no hair, no perspiration, and no feeling when being touched...

1995年，潘金福在加拿大接受了著名摄影师乔•麦克纳利的采访并同意对方拍摄自己依然满是疤痕的身体。此时，做了母亲的潘金福温柔地抱着自己的儿子，侧身对着摄影师，让对方拍下了她身体上的伤痕。于是，又一张经典的照片诞生了。

In an interview by famous photographer Joe McNally in Canada in 1995, Kim Phuc agreed to take a picture of her body covered with scars: Kim Phuc, who has become a mother at that time, turned to another side while holding her son in arms, to let the photographer take a photo of her profile full of scars. Thus, another classic picture was born.

现身说法

Voice from the victim

1997年，潘金福被任命为联合国教科文组织亲善大使，她还设立了国际金福基金会，旨在为战争中受害的儿童提供医疗和心理援助。她经常赴世界各地演讲，现身说法控诉战争的罪恶，呼吁世界和平。

Kim Phuc was designated a UNESCO Goodwill Ambassador in 1997, and she also established the International Kim Foundation aimed to provide medical and psychological assistance to children who are victims of war. She often travels around the world to deliver speeches, denouncing the evils of war and calling for world peace.

2022年6月8日，在那张著名的照片拍摄50周年纪念日，潘金福写下一段话：“这张照片将永远提醒人类不要忘记战争之痛。而且，时至今日我依然相信，和平、爱、希望和宽恕的力量，要远远强于任何一种威力无比的武器。”

On June 8, 2022, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the famous picture, Kim Phuc wrote: "That picture will always serve as a reminder of the unspeakable evil of which humanity is capable. Still, I believe that peace, love, hope and forgiveness will always be more powerful than any kind of weapon."

Editor's Note: This article is originally published on wordl.huanqiu.com, and is translated from Chinese into English and edited by the China Military Online. The information, ideas or opinions appearing in this article do not necessarily reflect the views of eng.chinamil.com.cn.